If you're not naturally confident, talking on the phone can be more difficult than face-to-face communication. Because you can't see the person you aren't getting any encouragement or clues on how they are reacting to what you say. It takes quite a bit of practice to feel happy about doing this for something that's important to you.

The best way to make things easier is to prepare what you're going to say by writing a script. Something as simple as, "Hello I saw your advert for a receptionist in yesterday's Herald and I'd like to request an application pack / find out more about what's involved / check that you'd be interested in someone with my qualifications," is enough to get you started. Make sure you have the name of the person you actually need to speak to as your call may be answered by a receptionist. You don't want to launch into your script only to find you're talking to the wrong person.

You've also got to prepare for what will come after you've said your opening piece. Think about questions you might be asked and answers you can give. Don't write a script for this, but jot down notes to help you along. It's useful to have a copy of your CV or a completed application form to hand. Being nervous can make your mind go blank even when you're asked the simplest of questions like your postcode!

When preparing to make a call to an employer be clear about what you want from it. Most adverts will make it obvious - if it says ring up to request an application form then all you need do is tell them you're interested and where to send the details. Any that invite you to have an informal discussion are a chance to find out more. If it just says phone for more information then it could be any of those or even a telephone interview. Make sure you're prepared for all of these, what starts off as a request for an application form can end up as a much longer conversation.

Imagine the person on the other end as someone you feel really comfortable talking to. Believe they are on your side and interested in you like a favorite aunt would be. In your minds eye see them as kindly and patient rather than busy and trying to catch you out.

Be sure to listen carefully to their questions and don't speak too fast. Being nervous can make you gabble. Try speaking a little more slowly than you would to a friend - but not so slowly that you sound half asleep.